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Monensin Solution (1,000X) Monensin Solution (1,000X)

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420701 1 mL SEK454
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Description

Monensin is a protein transport inhibitor commonly used to enhance intracellular cytokine staining signals by blocking transport processes during cell activation. Especially useful for the intracellular staining of cytokines, monensin leads to the accumulation of most cytokines at the Golgi Complex/Endoplasmic Reticulum (see Jung, et al., 1993). Optimal conditions for use are cell type and time-dependent. Typically, protein transport inhibitors are included during in vitro cell activation cultures for 4-24 hours prior to harvest (see references below for additional information). Monensin Solution is supplied as a 1,000X solution, which should be diluted to 1X in cell culture medium.

Product Details
Technical Data Sheet (pdf)

Product Details

Formulation
Monensin Solution is supplied as a 1000X working solution in 70% Ethanol. Dilute to 1X in cell culture medium.
Concentration
2.0 mM
Storage & Handling
Store the solution between 2°C and 8°C. Monensin is known to be toxic; avoid direct body contact. Ethanol is flammable; keep away from sources of fire.
Application

ICFC - Quality tested
Recommended Usage

Dilute the 1000X solution to 1X in the tissue culture medium. It is recommended that cells are cultured with monensin for ≤ 24 hours, as this can become toxic for cell viability.

Application References
  1. Smeltz RB. 2007. J. Immunol. 178:4786.
  2. Fuse S, et al. 2007. J. Immunol. 178:5227.
  3. Durkin ET,et al. 2008. Blood 10:1182.PubMed
  4. Durkin ET, et al. 2008. Blood 112:5245. PubMed
  5. Liu XS, et al. 2009. J. Immunol. 183:51. PubMed
  6. Mattarollo SR, et al. 2010. J. Immunol. 184:1242. PubMed
  7. Yang M, et al. 2010. J. Immuonl. 184:3321. PubMed
  8. Mattarollo SR, et al. 2010. J. Immunol. 184:5663. PubMed
  9. Wood MW, et al. 2011. Infect Immun. 79:708. PubMed
  10. Janune D, et al. 2011. FEBS Lett. 585:3033. PubMed
  11. Fiorenza S, et al. 2012. J. Immunol. 189:5622. PubMed
  12. Asgari E, et al. 2013. Blood. 122:3473. PubMed
  13. Li D, et al. 2013. Clin Immunol. 149:411. PubMed
  14. Bunse CE, et al. 2013. PLoS One. 8:77925. PubMed
Product Citations
  1. Li D, et al. 2013. Clin Immunol. 149:411. PubMed
  2. Pal R, et al. 2020. Curr Protoc Cytom. 92:e69. PubMed
  3. Bhatt RS, et al. 2021. Cancer Immunol Res. 9:156. PubMed
  4. Yu L, et al. 2022. FEBS J. 289:3241. PubMed
  5. Zhang X, et al. 2022. Nat Commun. 13:7582. PubMed
  6. Giannou AD, et al. 2023. Immunity. 56:125. PubMed
  7. Martinelli M, et al. 2023. iScience. 26:105860. PubMed
  8. Zhou H, et al. 2023. Front Immunol. 13:1059687. PubMed
  9. Mandour MF, et al. 2023. Front Med (Lausanne). 9:1057252. PubMed
  10. Pymm P, et al. 2022. Cell Rep. 38:110449. PubMed
  11. Giles JR, et al. 2022. Immunity. 55:557. PubMed
  12. Ye L, et al. 2022. Cell Metab. 34:595. PubMed
  13. Du J, et al. 2022. Sci Immunol. 7:eabo5407. PubMed
  14. Duan LJ, et al. 2022. Cell Rep. 40:111284. PubMed
  15. Lu C, et al. 2023. Antiviral Res. 212:105556. PubMed
  16. Kozlovski S, et al. 2023. Front Immunol. 13:1041552. PubMed
  17. Zhou Y, et al. 2023. Front Immunol. 14:1129705. PubMed
  18. Changsheng H, et al. 2023. Sci Adv. 9:eade4186. PubMed
  19. Comeau K, et al. 2023. Bio Protoc. 13:e4679. PubMed
  20. Frankish J, et al. 2023. Front Immunol. 14:1160116. PubMed
  21. Patskovsky Y, et al. 2023. Nat Commun. 14:3763. PubMed
  22. Mattarollo S, et al. 2010. J Immunol. 184:1242. PubMed
  23. Aguilar-Pineda JA, et al. 2021. iScience. 24:102993. PubMed
  24. Qian Y, et al. 2021. Cell Reports. 36(8):109602. PubMed
  25. Andrew Mansour, Laurentiu Pop, Ellen Vitetta 2016. PLoS One. 11:e0167618. PubMed
  26. Asgari E, et al. 2013. Blood. 122:3473. PubMed
  27. Pan YG, et al. 2022. Methods Mol Biol. 2574:31. PubMed
  28. Munk R, et al. 2011. PLoS One. 6:e18553. PubMed
  29. Durkin E, et al. 2008. Blood. 112:5245. PubMed
  30. Bailey S, et al. 2017. Nat Commun.. 10.1038/s41467-017-01867-9. PubMed
  31. Gao F, et al. 2021. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 10:593805. PubMed
  32. Yang M, et al. 2010. J Immunol. 184:3321. PubMed
  33. Cook CP, et al. 2022. Cell Rep Med. 3:100715. PubMed
  34. Tian M, et al. 2022. J Clin Invest. 132:. PubMed
  35. Kimura I, et al. 2022. Cell Rep. 38:110218. PubMed
  36. Izumi K, et al. 2021. Immunohorizons. 5:687. PubMed
  37. Glaubitz J, et al. 2022. Nat Commun. 13:4502. PubMed
  38. Martens A, et al. 2020. Nat Immunol. 21:381. PubMed
  39. Theeb W, et al. 2017. Infect Immun . 10.1128/IAI.00475-16. PubMed
  40. Al-Attar A, et al. 2016. Data Brief. 8: 536-44. PubMed
  41. Joosten S, et al. 2016. PLoS Pathog. 12: 1005687. PubMed
  42. Fiorenza S, et al. 2012. J Immunol. 189:5622. PubMed
  43. Rana A, et al. 2020. Front Immunol. 11:536. PubMed
  44. Datta A, et al. 2022. J Fungi (Basel). 8:. PubMed
  45. Douthwaite J, et al. 2017. J Immunol. 198(1):528-537. PubMed
  46. Meyer C, Key P 2017. Imm Inflam Dis. 10.1002/iid3.156. PubMed
  47. Montes de Oca M, et al. 2020. PLoS Pathog. 16:e1008994. PubMed
  48. Geisness AC, et al. 2021. Haematologica. Online ahead of print. PubMed
  49. Steinbuck MP, et al. 2021. Sci Adv. 7: . PubMed
  50. Acharya A, et al. 2020. J Virol. 95:e01657. PubMed
  51. Janune D, et al. 2011. FEBS Lett. 585:3033. PubMed
  52. Park HB, et al. 2020. Oncoimmunology. 9:1772663. PubMed
  53. Ries M, et al. 2017. PLoS Pathog. 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006506. PubMed
  54. Takushi SE, et al. 2020. Hum Gene Ther. 31:626. PubMed
  55. Uddin MN, et al. 2022. Brain Behav Immun Health. 26:100563. PubMed
  56. Shenoy AT, et al. 2021. Nat Commun. 12:5834. PubMed
  57. Imani J, et al. 2021. JCI Insight. 6:. PubMed
  58. Elliott PR, et al. 2021. Cell Rep. 37:109777. PubMed
  59. Bunting MD, et al. 2022. Sci Adv. 8:eabk3327. PubMed
  60. Mittal P, et al. 2020. Cancers (Basel). :12. PubMed
  61. Gross C, et al. 2016. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. 3: e289. PubMed
  62. Ren Y, et al. 2022. J Immunother Cancer. 10:. PubMed
  63. Orlov M, et al. 2017. PLoS One.. 10.1371/journal.pone.018296. PubMed
  64. Johnson AM, et al. 2020. J Immunol. 204:2295. PubMed
  65. Vacaflores A, et al. 2016. PLoS One. 11: 0157175. PubMed
  66. Sendler M, et al. 2020. Gastroenterology. 158:253. PubMed
  67. Huang RS, et al. 2021. Curr Protoc. 1:e246. PubMed
  68. Krishnan A, et al. 2020. Am J Pathol. 190:1284. PubMed
  69. Nice T, et al. 2016. PLoS One. 12: 1005684. PubMed
  70. Ngwenyama N, et al. 2019. JCI Insight. 4:e125527. PubMed
  71. Chen YF, et al. 2019. J Biomed Sci. 26:85. PubMed
  72. Loeuillard E, et al. 2020. J Clin Invest. 130:5380. PubMed
  73. Liu X, et al. 2009. J Immunol. 183:51:00. PubMed
  74. Gladow N, et al. 2020. PLoS One. 15:e0227734. PubMed
  75. de Picciotto S, et al. 2022. Nat Commun. 13:3866. PubMed
  76. Shafer S, et al. 2021. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 148:256. PubMed
  77. Teh MR, et al. 2021. Front Immunol. 12:714613. PubMed
  78. Ren Y, et al. 2015. Biochim Biophys Acta. Available online 14 August 2015. PubMed
  79. Mandour MF, et al. 2020. Infect Agent Cancer. 15:30. PubMed
  80. Wood M, et al. 2011. Infect Immun. 79:708. PubMed
  81. FitzPatrick MEB, et al. 2021. Cell Rep. 34:108661. PubMed
  82. Dimeloe S, et al. 2016. J Immunol. 196: 106 - 114. PubMed
  83. Bunse C, et al. 2013. PLoS One. 8:77925. PubMed
  84. Sabag B, et al. 2022. Cancers (Basel). 14:. PubMed
  85. Liu X, et al. 2020. Ther Adv Med Oncol. 12:1758835920910347. PubMed
  86. Burger ML, et al. 2021. Cell. 184:4996. PubMed
  87. Landi A, et al. 2017. Vaccine.. 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.10.072. PubMed
  88. Bonavita E, et al. 2020. Immunity. 1215:53. PubMed
  89. Mackroth M, et al. 2016. PLoS Pathog. 12:e1005909. PubMed
  90. Seenappa LM, et al. 2022. NPJ Vaccines. 7:128. PubMed
  91. Schridde A, et al. 2017. Mucosal Immunol. 10.1038/mi.2016.142. PubMed
  92. Krishna B, et al. 2016. Sci Rep. 6: 24674. PubMed
  93. Mattarollo S, et al. 2010. J Immunol. 184:5663. PubMed
  94. Spiljar M, et al. 2021. Cell Metab. 33:2231. PubMed
  95. Ruland C, et al. 2017. Brain Behav Immun. 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.06.010. PubMed
  96. Laczkó D, et al. 2020. Immunity. 53:724. PubMed
  97. Marvin S, et al. 2017. J Virol. 10.1128/JVI.01417-16. PubMed
  98. Kumar S, et al. 2021. JCI Insight. 6:e145228. PubMed
  99. Fujiwara Y, et al. 2021. Nat Commun. 12:5857. PubMed
  100. Li D, et al. 2013. Clin Immunol. 149:411. PubMed
  101. Pal R, et al. 2020. Curr Protoc Cytom. 92:e69. PubMed
  102. Bhatt RS, et al. 2021. Cancer Immunol Res. 9:156. PubMed
  103. Yu L, et al. 2022. FEBS J. 289:3241. PubMed
  104. Zhang X, et al. 2022. Nat Commun. 13:7582. PubMed
  105. Giannou AD, et al. 2023. Immunity. 56:125. PubMed
  106. Martinelli M, et al. 2023. iScience. 26:105860. PubMed
  107. Zhou H, et al. 2023. Front Immunol. 13:1059687. PubMed
  108. Mandour MF, et al. 2023. Front Med (Lausanne). 9:1057252. PubMed
  109. Pymm P, et al. 2022. Cell Rep. 38:110449. PubMed
  110. Giles JR, et al. 2022. Immunity. 55:557. PubMed
  111. Ye L, et al. 2022. Cell Metab. 34:595. PubMed
  112. Du J, et al. 2022. Sci Immunol. 7:eabo5407. PubMed
  113. Duan LJ, et al. 2022. Cell Rep. 40:111284. PubMed
  114. Lu C, et al. 2023. Antiviral Res. 212:105556. PubMed
  115. Kozlovski S, et al. 2023. Front Immunol. 13:1041552. PubMed
  116. Zhou Y, et al. 2023. Front Immunol. 14:1129705. PubMed
  117. Changsheng H, et al. 2023. Sci Adv. 9:eade4186. PubMed
  118. Comeau K, et al. 2023. Bio Protoc. 13:e4679. PubMed
  119. Frankish J, et al. 2023. Front Immunol. 14:1160116. PubMed
  120. Patskovsky Y, et al. 2023. Nat Commun. 14:3763. PubMed
  121. Mattarollo S, et al. 2010. J Immunol. 184:1242. PubMed
  122. Aguilar-Pineda JA, et al. 2021. iScience. 24:102993. PubMed
  123. Qian Y, et al. 2021. Cell Reports. 36(8):109602. PubMed
  124. Andrew Mansour, Laurentiu Pop, Ellen Vitetta 2016. PLoS One. 11:e0167618. PubMed
  125. Asgari E, et al. 2013. Blood. 122:3473. PubMed
  126. Pan YG, et al. 2022. Methods Mol Biol. 2574:31. PubMed
  127. Munk R, et al. 2011. PLoS One. 6:e18553. PubMed
  128. Durkin E, et al. 2008. Blood. 112:5245. PubMed
  129. Bailey S, et al. 2017. Nat Commun.. 10.1038/s41467-017-01867-9. PubMed
  130. Gao F, et al. 2021. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 10:593805. PubMed
  131. Yang M, et al. 2010. J Immunol. 184:3321. PubMed
  132. Cook CP, et al. 2022. Cell Rep Med. 3:100715. PubMed
  133. Tian M, et al. 2022. J Clin Invest. 132:. PubMed
  134. Kimura I, et al. 2022. Cell Rep. 38:110218. PubMed
  135. Izumi K, et al. 2021. Immunohorizons. 5:687. PubMed
  136. Glaubitz J, et al. 2022. Nat Commun. 13:4502. PubMed
  137. Martens A, et al. 2020. Nat Immunol. 21:381. PubMed
  138. Theeb W, et al. 2017. Infect Immun . 10.1128/IAI.00475-16. PubMed
  139. Al-Attar A, et al. 2016. Data Brief. 8: 536-44. PubMed
  140. Joosten S, et al. 2016. PLoS Pathog. 12: 1005687. PubMed
  141. Fiorenza S, et al. 2012. J Immunol. 189:5622. PubMed
  142. Rana A, et al. 2020. Front Immunol. 11:536. PubMed
  143. Datta A, et al. 2022. J Fungi (Basel). 8:. PubMed
  144. Douthwaite J, et al. 2017. J Immunol. 198(1):528-537. PubMed
  145. Meyer C, Key P 2017. Imm Inflam Dis. 10.1002/iid3.156. PubMed
  146. Montes de Oca M, et al. 2020. PLoS Pathog. 16:e1008994. PubMed
  147. Geisness AC, et al. 2021. Haematologica. Online ahead of print. PubMed
  148. Steinbuck MP, et al. 2021. Sci Adv. 7: . PubMed
  149. Acharya A, et al. 2020. J Virol. 95:e01657. PubMed
  150. Janune D, et al. 2011. FEBS Lett. 585:3033. PubMed
  151. Park HB, et al. 2020. Oncoimmunology. 9:1772663. PubMed
  152. Ries M, et al. 2017. PLoS Pathog. 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006506. PubMed
  153. Takushi SE, et al. 2020. Hum Gene Ther. 31:626. PubMed
  154. Uddin MN, et al. 2022. Brain Behav Immun Health. 26:100563. PubMed
  155. Shenoy AT, et al. 2021. Nat Commun. 12:5834. PubMed
  156. Imani J, et al. 2021. JCI Insight. 6:. PubMed
  157. Elliott PR, et al. 2021. Cell Rep. 37:109777. PubMed
  158. Bunting MD, et al. 2022. Sci Adv. 8:eabk3327. PubMed
  159. Mittal P, et al. 2020. Cancers (Basel). :12. PubMed
  160. Gross C, et al. 2016. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. 3: e289. PubMed
  161. Ren Y, et al. 2022. J Immunother Cancer. 10:. PubMed
  162. Orlov M, et al. 2017. PLoS One.. 10.1371/journal.pone.018296. PubMed
  163. Johnson AM, et al. 2020. J Immunol. 204:2295. PubMed
  164. Vacaflores A, et al. 2016. PLoS One. 11: 0157175. PubMed
  165. Sendler M, et al. 2020. Gastroenterology. 158:253. PubMed
  166. Huang RS, et al. 2021. Curr Protoc. 1:e246. PubMed
  167. Krishnan A, et al. 2020. Am J Pathol. 190:1284. PubMed
  168. Nice T, et al. 2016. PLoS One. 12: 1005684. PubMed
  169. Ngwenyama N, et al. 2019. JCI Insight. 4:e125527. PubMed
  170. Chen YF, et al. 2019. J Biomed Sci. 26:85. PubMed
  171. Loeuillard E, et al. 2020. J Clin Invest. 130:5380. PubMed
  172. Liu X, et al. 2009. J Immunol. 183:51:00. PubMed
  173. Gladow N, et al. 2020. PLoS One. 15:e0227734. PubMed
  174. de Picciotto S, et al. 2022. Nat Commun. 13:3866. PubMed
  175. Shafer S, et al. 2021. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 148:256. PubMed
  176. Teh MR, et al. 2021. Front Immunol. 12:714613. PubMed
  177. Ren Y, et al. 2015. Biochim Biophys Acta. Available online 14 August 2015. PubMed
  178. Mandour MF, et al. 2020. Infect Agent Cancer. 15:30. PubMed
  179. Wood M, et al. 2011. Infect Immun. 79:708. PubMed
  180. FitzPatrick MEB, et al. 2021. Cell Rep. 34:108661. PubMed
  181. Dimeloe S, et al. 2016. J Immunol. 196: 106 - 114. PubMed
  182. Bunse C, et al. 2013. PLoS One. 8:77925. PubMed
  183. Sabag B, et al. 2022. Cancers (Basel). 14:. PubMed
  184. Liu X, et al. 2020. Ther Adv Med Oncol. 12:1758835920910347. PubMed
  185. Burger ML, et al. 2021. Cell. 184:4996. PubMed
  186. Landi A, et al. 2017. Vaccine.. 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.10.072. PubMed
  187. Bonavita E, et al. 2020. Immunity. 1215:53. PubMed
  188. Mackroth M, et al. 2016. PLoS Pathog. 12:e1005909. PubMed
  189. Seenappa LM, et al. 2022. NPJ Vaccines. 7:128. PubMed
  190. Schridde A, et al. 2017. Mucosal Immunol. 10.1038/mi.2016.142. PubMed
  191. Krishna B, et al. 2016. Sci Rep. 6: 24674. PubMed
  192. Mattarollo S, et al. 2010. J Immunol. 184:5663. PubMed
  193. Spiljar M, et al. 2021. Cell Metab. 33:2231. PubMed
  194. Ruland C, et al. 2017. Brain Behav Immun. 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.06.010. PubMed
  195. Laczkó D, et al. 2020. Immunity. 53:724. PubMed
  196. Marvin S, et al. 2017. J Virol. 10.1128/JVI.01417-16. PubMed
  197. Kumar S, et al. 2021. JCI Insight. 6:e145228. PubMed
  198. Fujiwara Y, et al. 2021. Nat Commun. 12:5857. PubMed

Antigen Details

Antigen References

1. Current Protocols in Immunology (John Wiley & Sons New York) Unit 6.24 Detection of Intracellular Cytokines by Flow Cytometry (Barbara Foster and Calman Prussin NIAID NIH Bethesda MD).
2. Sander B, et al. 1991. Immunol. Rev. 119:65.
3. Sander B, et al. 1993. J. Immunol. Meth. 166:201.
4. Prussin C, et al. 1995. J. Immunol. Meth. 188:117.
5. Jung T, et al. 1993. J. Immunol. Meth. 159:197.

Gene ID
NA

Related FAQs

How do I choose monensin or Brefeldin A solution?

Generally, Brefeldin A is more toxic for longer term incubations, so for shorter stimulations (6 hrs or less) use Brefeldin A.  For longer stimulations use monensin.  We recommend optimization for each cell type and protocol.

Go To Top Version: 1    Revision Date: 11-30-2012

For Research Use Only. Not for diagnostic or therapeutic use.

 

This product is supplied subject to the terms and conditions, including the limited license, located at www.biolegend.com/terms) ("Terms") and may be used only as provided in the Terms. Without limiting the foregoing, BioLegend products may not be used for any Commercial Purpose as defined in the Terms, resold in any form, used in manufacturing, or reverse engineered, sequenced, or otherwise studied or used to learn its design or composition without express written approval of BioLegend. Regardless of the information given in this document, user is solely responsible for determining any license requirements necessary for user’s intended use and assumes all risk and liability arising from use of the product. BioLegend is not responsible for patent infringement or any other risks or liabilities whatsoever resulting from the use of its products.

 

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Pricing & Availability
Regulatory Status
RUO
Ave. Rating
Submit a Review
Product Citations
publications
Cat # Size Price Quantity Check Availability Save
420701 1 mL SEK454
Check Availability


Need larger quantities of this item?
Request Bulk Quote
Description

Monensin is a protein transport inhibitor commonly used to enhance intracellular cytokine staining signals by blocking transport processes during cell activation. Especially useful for the intracellular staining of cytokines, monensin leads to the accumulation of most cytokines at the Golgi Complex/Endoplasmic Reticulum (see Jung, et al., 1993). Optimal conditions for use are cell type and time-dependent. Typically, protein transport inhibitors are included during in vitro cell activation cultures for 4-24 hours prior to harvest (see references below for additional information). Monensin Solution is supplied as a 1,000X solution, which should be diluted to 1X in cell culture medium.

Product Details
Technical Data Sheet (pdf)

Product Details

Formulation
Monensin Solution is supplied as a 1000X working solution in 70% Ethanol. Dilute to 1X in cell culture medium.
Concentration
2.0 mM
Storage & Handling
Store the solution between 2°C and 8°C. Monensin is known to be toxic; avoid direct body contact. Ethanol is flammable; keep away from sources of fire.
Application

ICFC - Quality tested
Recommended Usage

Dilute the 1000X solution to 1X in the tissue culture medium. It is recommended that cells are cultured with monensin for ≤ 24 hours, as this can become toxic for cell viability.

Application References
  1. Smeltz RB. 2007. J. Immunol. 178:4786.
  2. Fuse S, et al. 2007. J. Immunol. 178:5227.
  3. Durkin ET,et al. 2008. Blood 10:1182.PubMed
  4. Durkin ET, et al. 2008. Blood 112:5245. PubMed
  5. Liu XS, et al. 2009. J. Immunol. 183:51. PubMed
  6. Mattarollo SR, et al. 2010. J. Immunol. 184:1242. PubMed
  7. Yang M, et al. 2010. J. Immuonl. 184:3321. PubMed
  8. Mattarollo SR, et al. 2010. J. Immunol. 184:5663. PubMed
  9. Wood MW, et al. 2011. Infect Immun. 79:708. PubMed
  10. Janune D, et al. 2011. FEBS Lett. 585:3033. PubMed
  11. Fiorenza S, et al. 2012. J. Immunol. 189:5622. PubMed
  12. Asgari E, et al. 2013. Blood. 122:3473. PubMed
  13. Li D, et al. 2013. Clin Immunol. 149:411. PubMed
  14. Bunse CE, et al. 2013. PLoS One. 8:77925. PubMed
Product Citations
  1. Li D, et al. 2013. Clin Immunol. 149:411. PubMed
  2. Pal R, et al. 2020. Curr Protoc Cytom. 92:e69. PubMed
  3. Bhatt RS, et al. 2021. Cancer Immunol Res. 9:156. PubMed
  4. Yu L, et al. 2022. FEBS J. 289:3241. PubMed
  5. Zhang X, et al. 2022. Nat Commun. 13:7582. PubMed
  6. Giannou AD, et al. 2023. Immunity. 56:125. PubMed
  7. Martinelli M, et al. 2023. iScience. 26:105860. PubMed
  8. Zhou H, et al. 2023. Front Immunol. 13:1059687. PubMed
  9. Mandour MF, et al. 2023. Front Med (Lausanne). 9:1057252. PubMed
  10. Pymm P, et al. 2022. Cell Rep. 38:110449. PubMed
  11. Giles JR, et al. 2022. Immunity. 55:557. PubMed
  12. Ye L, et al. 2022. Cell Metab. 34:595. PubMed
  13. Du J, et al. 2022. Sci Immunol. 7:eabo5407. PubMed
  14. Duan LJ, et al. 2022. Cell Rep. 40:111284. PubMed
  15. Lu C, et al. 2023. Antiviral Res. 212:105556. PubMed
  16. Kozlovski S, et al. 2023. Front Immunol. 13:1041552. PubMed
  17. Zhou Y, et al. 2023. Front Immunol. 14:1129705. PubMed
  18. Changsheng H, et al. 2023. Sci Adv. 9:eade4186. PubMed
  19. Comeau K, et al. 2023. Bio Protoc. 13:e4679. PubMed
  20. Frankish J, et al. 2023. Front Immunol. 14:1160116. PubMed
  21. Patskovsky Y, et al. 2023. Nat Commun. 14:3763. PubMed
  22. Mattarollo S, et al. 2010. J Immunol. 184:1242. PubMed
  23. Aguilar-Pineda JA, et al. 2021. iScience. 24:102993. PubMed
  24. Qian Y, et al. 2021. Cell Reports. 36(8):109602. PubMed
  25. Andrew Mansour, Laurentiu Pop, Ellen Vitetta 2016. PLoS One. 11:e0167618. PubMed
  26. Asgari E, et al. 2013. Blood. 122:3473. PubMed
  27. Pan YG, et al. 2022. Methods Mol Biol. 2574:31. PubMed
  28. Munk R, et al. 2011. PLoS One. 6:e18553. PubMed
  29. Durkin E, et al. 2008. Blood. 112:5245. PubMed
  30. Bailey S, et al. 2017. Nat Commun.. 10.1038/s41467-017-01867-9. PubMed
  31. Gao F, et al. 2021. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 10:593805. PubMed
  32. Yang M, et al. 2010. J Immunol. 184:3321. PubMed
  33. Cook CP, et al. 2022. Cell Rep Med. 3:100715. PubMed
  34. Tian M, et al. 2022. J Clin Invest. 132:. PubMed
  35. Kimura I, et al. 2022. Cell Rep. 38:110218. PubMed
  36. Izumi K, et al. 2021. Immunohorizons. 5:687. PubMed
  37. Glaubitz J, et al. 2022. Nat Commun. 13:4502. PubMed
  38. Martens A, et al. 2020. Nat Immunol. 21:381. PubMed
  39. Theeb W, et al. 2017. Infect Immun . 10.1128/IAI.00475-16. PubMed
  40. Al-Attar A, et al. 2016. Data Brief. 8: 536-44. PubMed
  41. Joosten S, et al. 2016. PLoS Pathog. 12: 1005687. PubMed
  42. Fiorenza S, et al. 2012. J Immunol. 189:5622. PubMed
  43. Rana A, et al. 2020. Front Immunol. 11:536. PubMed
  44. Datta A, et al. 2022. J Fungi (Basel). 8:. PubMed
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Antigen Details

Antigen References

1. Current Protocols in Immunology (John Wiley & Sons New York) Unit 6.24 Detection of Intracellular Cytokines by Flow Cytometry (Barbara Foster and Calman Prussin NIAID NIH Bethesda MD).
2. Sander B, et al. 1991. Immunol. Rev. 119:65.
3. Sander B, et al. 1993. J. Immunol. Meth. 166:201.
4. Prussin C, et al. 1995. J. Immunol. Meth. 188:117.
5. Jung T, et al. 1993. J. Immunol. Meth. 159:197.

Gene ID
NA

Related FAQs

How do I choose monensin or Brefeldin A solution?

Generally, Brefeldin A is more toxic for longer term incubations, so for shorter stimulations (6 hrs or less) use Brefeldin A.  For longer stimulations use monensin.  We recommend optimization for each cell type and protocol.

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